The middle-class, lower middle-class and poor made up 94% of the population in 1967. (Yes. These numbers are adjusted for inflation.) By 2016, they were only 65% of the population.
The upper middle-class and rich rose from only 6% of the population to 35%.
Nearly a third of the population (well, 29%) moved from middle-class and below to upper middle-class and above.
Class matters to class. Go to class if you want to move up in the income ladder. Knowledge workers - folks with a BA - have gained the most from advances in information technology in the last generation.
Income gains have slowed in the last generation. Between 1967 and 1981, incomes rose 27%; between 2002 and 2016, incomes rose only 8%. My theory is that by the end of the last century we had effectively broke the code on how to raise the productivity and incomes with the popularization of knowledge work but now at the dawn of this new economy we've yet to figure out how to popularize entrepreneurship to continue that trajectory.
All this suggests some simple policy recommendations. Invest even more in creating knowledge workers and entrepreneurs (investment that includes massive increases in R&D spending as well as policies like proliferating the number of incubators in communities as we did the number of libraries, schools and universities in past generations) and watch the percentage of rich continue to rise. Tax the rich and upper middle-class to both fund all those investments and to subsidize the poor so that they enjoy some of the fruits of this prosperity. So, make more people rich and the poor less poor. That seems like progress to me.
Stephen Rose's study Squeezing the Middle Class: Income trajectories from 1967 to 2016 is here.
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